Smoke-consumer.



PATENTED DEG. l2, 1905.

J. RANDALL.

SMOKE CONSUMER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1o. 1905.

PATBNTED DEG. l2, 1905.

J. RANDALL.

SMOKE CONSUMER.

APPLxoATIoN FILED'MAY 1o. 1905.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SMOKE-CONSUMER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 12, 1905.

Application led May 10, 1905. Serial No. 259,708.

To all whom, t may concern/ Be it known that I, JAMES RANDALL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, have invent-ed a new and useful Smoke-Consumer, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in smoke-preventing means for use in connection with steam-boilers and the like.

The principal object is to provide simple means of a novel nature for securing more thorough combustion of fuel, and thereby eliminating the dense black smoke that ordinarily arises from the burning of soft coal, particularly when the same is first placed upon the re or when said fire is stoked.

A further object is to provide a combination and arrangement of parts by means of which the fire can be easily and completely controlled, in order that the boiler-pressure may be kept practically constant or varied, as desired.

The preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a perspective view of an upright boiler with the improvements applied thereto. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional View through the upper portion of the boiler. Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view through the heater. Fig. 4 is a detail sectional view through the upper portion of the smoke-return pipe and the trap. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view through the inlet to the fan; and Fig. 6 is avertical sectional view through the door of the boiler-furnace, showing the discharge-nozzle above the same.

Similar reference-numerals designate corresponding parts in all the figures of the drawings.

In the present embodiment of the invention the improvements are shown applied to an upright boiler, (designated as a whole by the reference-numeral 7.) It will be understood, however, that the said improvements are applicable toother styles and types. The said boiler is provided in its lower portion with a furnace 8, in which is located a grate 9, and at its upper end is formed a smokeboX 10, from which leads the usual stack 11. The top of the smoke-box consists of the bottomwall 12 of a hollow heater-body 13, having a top 14 and a iiat end wall 15. Said end wall is provided with an inlet-opening 16 and an outlet-opening 17. Located between the,

bottom 12 and top 14 of the body are a plurality of overlapping spaced guide-partitions 18, extending from the opposite end walls and forming an indirect air passage-way 19,

leading from the inlet-opening 16 to the outlet opening 17. The body as a whole is hinged by its bottom, as shown at 20, to a frame 21, located adjacent to the smoke-box 10.

Afan 22 is mounted at one side of the boiler and is preferably of the rotary type, being driven by any suitable means. To the outlet 23 of this fan is connected a trunk 24, having an upstanding portion 25, said trunk leading to the ash-pit of the furnace, or, in other words, below the grate. A suitable gate 26 is located in the trunk. A damper 26a may also be located in the trunk and the movement thereof controlled by any suitable automatic regulator, said regulator being illustrated conventionally at 27 E. A heater supply-pipe 27 leads from the upstanding portion 25 of the trunk and has its delivery end communicating .with the inlet-opening 16 of the heater-body,

said delivery end being fastened to a stationary upright wall 28, secured to the frame 21 and disposed against the end wall 15 of the heater-body. A delivery-pipe 29 has its receiving end 30 secured to said wall 28 is alinement with the delivery opening 17 of the heater-body, and said pipe 29 is provided with branches 31 and 32, the former of which communicates with the trunk 24, as shown at 33, below the gate 26. A gate 34 is located in the branch 31. The other branch 32 has a suitable valve or damper 35 therein, and said branch terminates in a Haring downwardly-extending nozzle 36, that extends throughthe top of the door-casing 37, and thus communicates with the interior of the furnace above the grate. A downwardly and rearwardly inclined deiiector 38 is located in the upper portion of the door-casing below the open end or mouth of the nozzle and serves to direct the air rearwardly over the fire, as will be readily understood. A spray or vapor pipe 39, which may be connected to the boiler or to any suitable source of supply, extends across the discharge end of the nozzle 36 and terminates at its free end in a blow-off cock 40. This pipe is provided within the nozzle with a series of rearwardly-directing orifices. (Indicated in Fig. 6.) Another vapor-pipe 41, leading from any suitable source of supply, extends into the trunk 24 contiguous to its discharge end and has a depending terminal 42 provided TOO IOS

gg-ft-,rough the heater.

with inwardly-directing orifices. The inlet to the fan is through a centrally-disposed sleeve 43, and projecting thereinto is the discharge end 44 ofa return-pipe 45, said discharge end 5 being of considerably less diameter than the sleeve 43 and being connected to the stack 11 -just below the usual damper 46. The said return-pipe 45 has a horizontal portion 47, in which is located an automatic cinder-trap, the

IO same comprising convergently-disposed depending walls 48, one of which includes a` swinging Hap-section 49, hinged at its upper end, as shown at 50, and arranged to close an opening 5l in the lower portion of the trap.

I5 A rearwardly and downwardly inclined deflector-plate 52 is preferably located across the upper portion of the pipe 47 below the trap.

In operation, the fan 22 being driven, a part of the products of combustion from the stack 2o is drawn through the pipe 45, while fresh air is also taken in through the inlet-'sleeve 43. The mixture is delivered from the fan through the upstanding portion 25 of the trunk and part thereofl passes through the heater-body,

25 while the remainder is passed through the trunk. The air passing through the body is highly heated, as the products of combustion rising through the fire-tubes will strike the bottom wall of said heater before escaping into the stack. The heated air passing downwardly through the pipe 29 will be divided by the branches, part thereof passing back into the trunk and beneath the fire, the remainder being conducted by the branch 32 to 35 and through the nozzle 36 and projected over the fire. The blasts of air both above and below the grate are saturated with vapor, which secures more complete combustion. The drafts may be varied in a number of ways in order to control the fire, and thus control the Asteam-pressure. For instance, by closing the gate 34 and damper 35 and opening the gate 26 the entire blast from the fan is delivered beneath the Eire and is heated only by the products of combustion drawn from the stacln On 4the other hand, the comparatively cold air can be shut off entirelyby the gate 26, and the output of the fans thus. passed This highly-heated air V5G can then be divided and passed both above and beneath the hre or by closing either the gate or the'damper 35 can be delivered in either direction. Furthermore, a body of comparatively cool air can be introduced beneath the hre and the highly-heated air upon the same, or the highly-heated air can be driven entirely beneath the lire. Moreover,

the main draft through the trunk will be automatically varied by the damper 26 and regulator, the supply of air through said trunk being reduced as the steam rises, all of which will be readily understood. It will thus be seen that a wide range of variation can be secured, and the fire thus controlled to secure a maximum amount of steam with an economovercome the same said valve will open and permit said cind ers to gravitate from the trap, after which the Hap will again automatically close.

In order to clean the boiler-tubes, it is only necessary to swing the heater-body upon its hinges, thus opening the smoke-box and allowing free access to the upper ends of said tubes.

From the foregoing it is thought that the construction, operation, and many advantages of the herein-described invention will Abe apparent to those skilled in the art without further description, and it will be understood that various changes in the size, shape, proportion, and minor details of construction may be resorted to without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a smoke-consumer, the combination with a boiler having a stack and a furnace pro-- vided with a grate, of a heater having an indirect passage-way therethrough, an air-conducting pipe leading from the heater and having branches communicating with the boilerfurnace above and below the grate, a fan having an open air-inlet, an outlet-pipe from the fan communicating with the heater, and a return-pipe communicating with the stack and having a delivery end of less diameter than the fan-inlet and projecting into the same, said fan thereby delivering commingled air and products of combustion to the outlet-pipe.

2. In a smoke-consumer, the combination with a boiler having a furnace, of a fan, a direct trunk-pipe connection between the fan and furnace,a heater associated with the boiler, means for delivering air from the fau to the heater, and a discharge-pipe leading from the heater having branches, one of which communicates directly with the trunk prior to its connection to the furnace, to temper the air passing through the trunk, the other branch being connected directly to the furnace.

3. In a smoke-consumer, the combination with a boiler having a furnace and a grate therein, of a fan, a trunk directly connecting the fan and the furnace below the grate, a heater constituting a part of the boiler, means for delivering air fromthe fan to the heater, a discharge pipe from the heater having branches, one of which communicates with TOO IOS

the trunk prior to its connection to the furnace, to temper the air passing through the trunk, the other branch being connected directly to the furnace above the grate, and separate valves located in the branches for separately controlling the passage of air through the same.

4f. In a smoke-consumer, the combination with a boiler having afurnace, of a fan, atrunk directly connecting the fan and furnace, a heater located at one end of the boiler and heated therefrom, means for delivering air'to the heater, an outlet-pipe from the heater having branches, one of which communicates with the trunk between the fan `and furnace, the other branch being connected directly to the furnace, a valve located in the trunk between the fan and branch connection` and a valve located in each of the branches for separately controlling the passage of air therethrough.

5. In a smoke-consumer, the combination with a boiler-furnace having a grate, of a fan, a trunk directly connecting the fan and furnace below the grate, a heater, means for delivering air to the heater, and a discharge-pipe from the heater having branches, one of which communicates with the trunk prior to its connection with the furnace, to temper the air passing through said trunk, the other branch being connected and delivering to the furnace above the grate.

6. In a smoke-consumer, the combination with a boiler having a furnace provided with a grate, of a fan, a trunk directly connecting the outlet from the fan and the furnace below the grate, a heater constituting one end of the boiler, a supply-pipe for the heater communicating with the trunk, an outlet-pipe from the heater having branches, one of said branches communicating with the furnace above the grate, the other of said branches communicating with the trunk in advance of its communication with the furnace, and gates for controlling the passage of air through the branches of the heater outlet-pipe.

7 In a smoke-consumer, the combination with a boiler having a furnace provided with a grate, a smoke-box, and a stack leading from the smoke-box, of a heater having one of its walls forming a wall of the smoke-box, said heater being provided with an indirect passage-way therethrough, a fan having an inlet, a return-pipe leading from the stack and having a discharge end of less diameter than the fan-inlet and inserted into the same, a trunk leading from the outlet of the fan and communicating with the furnace below the grate, a supply-pipe leading from the ytrunk to the heater, and an outlet-pipeleading from the heater and having branches communicating with the trunk and with the furnace above the grate.

8. In a smoke-consumer, the combination with a boiler-furnace having a door and grate, of a fan, a trunk leading from the fan and delivering to the furnace below the grate, a heater, a pipe leading from the trunk and delivering to the heater, an outlet-pipe from the heater having branches, one of which is connected to the trunk prior to its connection with the furnace, the other delivering to they furnace above the grate and over the door, a valve in the tru nk between the fan and branch connection, a valve in said branch connection with the trunk, and a valve in the branch that communicates with the furnace.

9. In a smoke-consumer, the combination with a boiler having a furnace provided with a grate and a'doorway located above the grate, of means for supplying air to the furnace, said means comprising' a fan, a heater associated with the boiler, a downwardly-extending discharge nozzle opening downwardly above and into the. doorway, and a rearwardly and downwardly extending deflector disposed beneath the discharge-opening in the nozzle and located above the doorway.

10. In a smoke-consumer, the combination with a furnace provided with a grate and an outwardly-projecting door-frame having a doorway therethrough, of means for supplying airto the furnace, said means comprising a fan, a heater, a pipe leading from the heater and having a downwardly-extending flaring nozzle located eXteriorly of the furnace and communicating with the furnace from the projecting top of the door-frame, and a deector located within said frame and over the doorway therethrough.

11. In a smoke-consumer, the combination with a boiler having a furnace and a smokebox, of a hollow heater-body closing the outer end of the smoke-box and having partitions therein forming an indirect passage-way having an inlet and an outlet, a stationary wall having inlet and outlet openings that communicate with the inlet and outlet of the heaterbody passage-way when said body is in place upon the boiler, said body being movable to and from a position adjacent to the wall, an outletpipe leading from the outlet-opening of the wall to the furnace, a fan, and a pipe leading fromthe fan to the inlet-opening of the said wall.

12. In a smoke-consumer, the combination with a boiler having a furnace and a smokebox, of a frame arranged adjacent to the box,

a hollow heater-body hinged to the Vframe and closing the outer end of the smoke-box, said body having an indirect passage-way therethrough and being provided with spaced inlet and outlet openings, a stationary wallcarried by the frame and having inlet and outlet openings that aline with the corresponding openings in the heater-body when said body is in place upon the boiler, an outlet-pipe leading from the outlet-opening of the wall to the furnace, a fan, and a pipe leading from the outlet of the fan to the inlet-opening of said wall.

13. In a smoke-consumer, the combination ICO ISO

. heater, and an outlet-pipe leading from the heater and communicating with the furnace.

14. In a smoke-consumer, the combination With a boiler having a stack and a furnace provided With a grate, of a heater having an indiinlet of fresh air to the fan, a trunk for carrying a portion of the mixture of products of combustion and fresh air from the fan to the furnace, a conduit for carrying a portion of the mixture of fresh air and products of combustion to the heater, and a conduit for conducting the heated mixture from the heater to the furnace. v

16. In a smoke-consumer, the combination with a boiler having a furnace and a stack, said furnace being provided with a grate, of a heater located on the boiler, a fan having a fresh-air inlet, a return-pipe leading from the stack and connected to the fan, said returnpipe permitting the inlet of fresh air to the fan, a trunk for carrying a portion of the mixrect passage-Way therethrough, an air-conducting pipe leading from the heater and having branches communicating with the boilerfurnace, a fan having an inlet, an outlet-pipe from the fan communicating with the heater, and a return-pipe communicatingwith the stack and having a delivery end projecting into the fan-inlet and of less diameter than the same to permit the introduction of fresh air With the products of combustion.

l5. In a smoke-consumer, the combination with a boiler having a furnace and a stack, of

a heater, a fan having a fresh-air inlet, a return-pipe leading from thestack and connected to the fan, said return-pipe permitting the 

